Human behavior theories Essay

Filling in as a network facilitator is tied in with engaging and encouraging change inside people and networks. As their training facilitators need to distinguish any difficulties and work with the networks to take a gander at methods of taking care of these issues together. This at that point requires first for the facilitator to discover why these difficulties or issues come to fruition in any case. Speculations are intended to comprehend human turn of events, personality and ways to deal with training. They help turn convoluted human, conduct and social singularities into thoughts that are progressively available. It very well may be said then that speculations give a premise to understanding and pondering what we do which at that point causes us help networks on a small scale, mezzo and full scale levels. This article will take a gander at two of the human conduct speculations and how they assist us with comprehension and work with our networks (that we as facilitators serve) better. 2. Meaning OF TERMS 2. 1. Hypothesis According to (Body, 2014) â€Å"A hypothesis is a coherent arrangement of ideas that assists with clarifying why something occurs with a certain goal in mind and to foresee outcomes†. This implies by setting up their training on hypothesis, this leads a facilitator to show signs of improvement comprehension of his/her own assignment, do some objective arranging and furthermore envision whatever results there might be. 2. 2. Network Communities are special with respect to the individuals in them, place, cooperation meaning. As per (Heaven, 2014) â€Å"While we customarily think about a network as the individuals in a given geological area, the word can truly allude to any gathering sharing something in common†. This could likewise mean any little topographical zones from e. g. an area, lodging undertaking or improvement to any network with a huge geologically characterized network. 3. HUMAN BEHAVIOR THEORIESÃ'Ž 3. 1. Social Construction Social development is persuasive in changing grounded hypothesis. As a method of attempting to comprehend the social world, social development sees information as being 2 built (as the name proposes) rather than being made. In this hypothesis networks are viewed as switching back and forth between both abstract and target reality. Past scholars accepted that information is convictions in which individuals have reasonable certainty, a sound judgment of understanding and consensual idea concerning what is information. Social development came to fruition as an approach to manage the idea of the real world. It has its starting points in human science and has been connected with the cutting edge time of subjective examination. The truth is it might be something that we are not even mindful of. Things like isolation as indicated by what sexual orientation, race and class you are a simply essential instances of social development. These things just have meaning since society gives them meaning. As indicated by Tom Andrews (2014) â€Å"Constructionists see information and truth as made not found by the psyche and supports the view that being a pragmatist isn't conflicting with being a constructionist†. An individual can accept that ideas are built other than being found at this point identify with something in reality. This is reliable with a thought that was put out that the truth is socially characterized yet this one alluded to the abstract understanding of regular day to day existence instead of the target truth of the characteristic world. As Steedman (2000) stated, â€Å"most of what is known and the greater part of the realizing that is done is worried about attempting to comprehend what it is to be human, instead of logical knowledge†. People or networks choose or rather make this reality one may then ask how this reality or information develops or how it comes to have essentialness for society to which social constructionists may reply as they see information as being made by the communications of people inside society which is at the focal point of social development as a hypothesis. Andrews (2014) accepts that emotional the truth is achieved by the communication of individuals with their social world and with this social world affecting them it results to schedules and propensities. In other words that any normally rehashed activity turns into an example which eventually should be possible absent a lot of exertion required. With time this structures such a store of information which is given to people in the future which is then abstract reality. 3 Society gives you and character from birth. Our ways of life as individuals come not from within however from the social circle. Discussion is the principle method of keeping up, changing and remaking abstract reality. It bargains thoughts that are shared unproblematically between the networks to such an extent that these ideas need not be characterized each time they are utilized in discussion and come to accept reality. 3. 2. Instances of Social Construction The most well-known of every social development is that of people. Men are required (by society) to have characteristics, for example, control, effectiveness, sturdiness and coolness under enthusiastic trouble while ladies then again are supposed to be the delicate among the two with characteristics, for example, wastefulness, passionate expressiveness, mindful and commonality. This is the thing that society has considered as would be expected throughout the years which is the thing that gives the skirmish of Patriarchy versus Matriarchy in this advanced age. Ladies today accept that they are more than ready to do whatever the â€Å"men† can do and some of the time improve. It is clear however that in society’s assessment of sexual orientation that men should hold all the force. Laura Flores (2012) is cited as saying â€Å"Power looks provocative on men, not on women†. Yet, this could be viewed as having a two sided connotation. Other than the conspicuous importance we get, it could likewise imply that ladies are viewed as unfit to become familiar with the aptitudes or incapable to do whatever a man can do also. Women's activists have been contending energetically fights so as to change this reasoning and they have prevailing with regards to changing some people’s minds however the in the conventional social orders, for the most part in the country regions this social development of people is still especially obvious. Men despite everything go out to accommodate the family while the ladies is relied upon to remain behind and deal with the kids and the home. One other model one could utilize is that of the social development of sexual orientation. This is somewhat not quite the same as the past model utilized. At the point when a child is brought into the world the main thing that the specialist will take a gander at is the baby’s sexual class (regardless of whether they are male or female) and this is the place this social development starts. Following they are delegated kid or young lady the guardians at that point fall into this common component by dressing them in hues that are â€Å"appropriate† for their sexual orientation. Flores says â€Å"the â€Å"normal† activity for this situation would be for the 4 child young lady to be wearing pink and the infant young men to be wearing blue†. You don’t need to be viewed as peculiar for dressing your child young lady dressed in blue or your infant kid in pink, isn't that so? Society has set aside hues as a portion of the images that separate among young men and young ladies. Youngsters will at that point develop this way and afterward begin to attempt to resemble the individuals who are a similar sex as them, â€Å"girls should begin acting like their mama and young men act like their daddy†. Every one will be required to dress or act with a particular goal in mind (as in the principal model) however such things are what prompts generalizations. 3. 3. Resource Based Community Approach 3. 3. 1. What is Asset Based Community Approach (ABCD)? Resource Based Community Development (ABCD) is a methodology for economical network advancement. The premise of ABCD is that it accepts that networks can create themselves by perceiving and utilizing existing however frequently concealed resources for make monetary chances. It constructs those previously existing resources in the network and gets people, affiliations and establishments to unite as one to expand on their advantages as opposed to concentrating on their necessities. It is a normally positive methodology. A lot of time is spent in attempting to recognize the advantages inside a specific network whether it be from people, foundations and relationship before they are then composed to expand on them to the advantage of the network all in all. The essential key as referenced above is to utilize what is as of now in the network. The ABC approach expects to change people’s see that their needs must be met by an untouchable (proficient). With regards to working with the network, a facilitator who applies the ABCD approach ought to be determined about venturing back and letting the network make sense of things for themselves. They enroll the assistance of affiliations that are inside the network as far as the network advancement approach and extra help. Anyway Community driven improvement is for the most part done by outside offices rather than systems that exist in the network as of now. 3. 3. 2. Conversation on ABCD pulls out the qualities and shortcomings inside a community’s shared history as a beginning stage for change. Out of the considerable number of advantages that a network may 5 have ABCD centers around the benefits that are profound established in social connections and considers them to be being both clear in both formal and casual systems and affiliations. It accepts that everybody in the network has something to offer and that nobody can be said to irrelevant. ABCD see people as being as being at the focal point, all things considered, The occupants of the network has endowments and abilities which they can out on the table. These should be perceived and noted as in network improvement you can’t do anything with people’s needs yet just their benefits. Needs are just important to organizations. Foundations are gatherings of individuals (typically experts) who share a typical enthusiasm out voluntarily. These could be organizations or schools and so forth these establishments help the network get assets and that thusly gives them a feeling of city res

Research paper for modern philosophy, The Fable of the Bees by Bernard Essay

Research paper for present day theory, The Fable of the Bees by Bernard Mandeville - Essay Example What was likewise of incredible import was the style where the entire work was composed. Mandeville’s simple progression of stanza sounded both logical just as absolute down to earth simultaneously. Exactly when the peruser was becoming acclimated to his mark style, they were attempting to discover their orientation in an ocean of moral disturbance that Mandeville had thrown them into. The sort of theory that he constrained upon his perusers is the thing that has made his work recollected, yet additionally the subject of numerous philosophical and moral conversations. All the time, the peruser is left pondering whether they truly got a handle on the significance of the sonnet; thus perusing and re-perusing the sonnet keeps on being a typical event. Mandeville’s work constrained perusers from varying backgrounds to take a gander at the relativity of life as opposed to attempting to discover comprehensive responses to numerous issues. It turned into an apparatus to ignite the manner of thinking of the individuals who had come to acknowledge the expressions of people with significant influence †political, strict or something else. He appeared to appreciate flipping around the very statutes by which individuals had lived for an extremely lengthy timespan, paying no notice at all to the conflict that he had made between different gatherings of individuals, however inside these gatherings too. This paper tries to introduce an image envisioned by Mandeville, with exceptional accentuation on the monetary edge. Despite the fact that religion, social and political points of view are entwined in this conversation, there is a deliberate exertion with respect to this author to introduce the financial aspects of a world depicted by Mandeville. Before going into the financial parts of Mandeville’s work it is fundamental to get into his mind and find out the specific (or close precise) nature of the image he attempted to paint. A nearby glance at how Mandeville saw human mind uncovers a couple of amazing realities: the focal component in his investigation of the human brain was his unshakeable conviction that there was a basal unreasonableness exhibited by people that lead them to carry on

Annotated Bibliography on Tacrine

Commented on Bibliography on Tacrine Sathyan G et al (1995) contemplated the impact of solvents, for example, water, propylene glycol and ethanol and their blends for transdermal medication conveyance on in vitro penetration of tacrine through rodent and human skin. Biggest motion and porousness were seen from ethanol-propylene glycol and water-ethanol double blends, individually. Brilliant relationship between's the rodent and human skin information was watched. The definitions were seen as without skin irritancy property. Ethanol-propylene glycol (1:1) blend with a motion of 98  µg/cm2 through rodent skin was seen as a promising dissolvable framework for the transdermal conveyance of Tacrine. Yanq Q et al (2001) planned microparticles of tacrine utilizing poly (D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLG) by dissolvable vanishing strategy. Impact of definition factors on Encapsulation productivity and discharge was considered. Results demonstrated an expansion in embodiment effectiveness by multiple times and abatement in pace of discharge when atomic load of polymer was changed from 8,000to 59,000 and 155,000 The examination showed that tacrine microparticles have a solid potential for long haul treatment of Alzheimer’s illness. Kankkunen T et al (2002) examined the iontophoretic conveyance of Tacrine on 10 solid grown-up volunteers by contrasting a business LOGEL cathode and a particle trade fiber plan. Clinically huge plasma fixations 21.3+5.9 ng/ml was accomplished by business framework though 14.9+2.6 ng/ml was accomplished through particle trade fiber framework. The examination demonstrated that iontophoretic conveyance of Tacrine is sheltered .Serum alanine transferase levels Jogani VV et al (2008) arranged and described mucoadhesive microemulsion of tacrine by the titration strategy for cerebrum focusing for the treatment of Alzheimer’s infection. Specific nose to mind transport was affirmed by lower Tmax values (60 min) with intranasal organization than 120 min with intravenous organization. The mind bioavailability of tacrine in the wake of giving improved definition was multiple times more than got with intranasal tacrine arrangement Scintigraphy concentrate in hares indicated more take-up of Tacrine in cerebrum after intranasal organization. The outcomes demonstrated better, snappier vehicle of tacrine in scopolamine-incited amnesic mice cerebrum and quick recapture of memory misfortune after intranasal organization. Henceforth, results recommended that intranasal tacrine conveyance hold promising in treating Alzheimers ailment. Wilson B et al (2010) arranged Tacrine-stacked chitosan nanoparticles by unconstrained emulsification technique. The particles were portrayed for size, zeta potential, tranquilize stacking limit and in vitro discharge. Mean molecule size for medicate to-polymer proportion 1:1 was seen as 41  ± 7 nm with normal zeta capability of +34.7  ± 1.5 mV. The arrival of tacrine from nanoparticles ran from 83.04%  ± 1.41% to 94.64%  ± 0.84% for 12 hours relying upon the medication to-polymer proportion. In vitro discharge contemplates demonstrated an underlying explosion of 30 minutes followed by consistent and moderate arrival of the medication. The arrival of medication from nanoparticles was dispersion controlled, after Fickian component. Controlled discharge attributes proposed delayed living arrangement time which could improve the bioavailability of tacrine in the cerebrum. Luppi B et al (2011) arranged egg whites nanoparticles of Tacrine hydrochloride with beta cyclodextrin, hydroxypropyl beta cyclodextrin and sulphobutylether beta cyclodextrin utilizing coacervation strategy and warm cross-connecting. Arranged nanoparticles were then absorbed arrangements of tacrine hydrochloride and lyophilized for powerful medication stacking. Assessment results demonstrated that nanoparticles had a round shape with negative charge and mean size .Dixit S et al (2013) planned mouth dissolving tablets of Tacrine hydrochloride by direct pressure utilizing distinctive superdisintegrants. Results demonstrated that mouth dissolving tablets indicated adequate hardness, friability, mechanical quality and weight consistency. The advanced plan broke down in under 1 moment in mouth and discharged >98% of Tacrine inside 14 minutes. The investigation mirrored the capability of mouth dissolving tablet of Tacrine for brisk ingestion, improvement in bioavailability, expanded patient consistence particularly in patients with trouble in gulping. Corace G et al (2014) created liposomes conveyance of tacrine hydrochloride by nasal course utilizing cholesterol, phosphatidylcholine, a-tocopherol and additionally Omega3 unsaturated fats by invert stage vanishing procedure followed by film channel expulsion. Results mirrored that get ready d liposome definitions had a mean distance across differing from 175nm to 219nm with polydispersity list Haughey DB et al(1994) built up a turned around stage superior fluid chromatographic method(RPHPLC) with fluorescence location for the examination of Tacrine and 1-hydroxy-, 2-hydroxy-, and 4-hydroxytacrine (metabolites of Tacrine) in human plasma. The alkalinized tests of human plasma were extricated with a blend of 90:10%v/v of chloroform and l-propanol. Adjustment bends were built for clinically huge concentrations(5 to 30 ng/ml) for all the analytes. The strategy was seen as exact and precise. The created technique was delicate enough for the assurance of tacrine and its metabolites after Cognex (40 mg single portion) was regulated orally to typical volunteers. Hansen LL et al (1998) created and approved a strategy for synchronous estimation of tacrine and its metabolites, 1-hydroxytacrine , 2-hydroxytacrine and 4-hydroxytacrine in human plasma and pee .The technique included one-advance liquidâ€liquid extraction with ethyl acetic acid derivation. Assurance was finished by isocratic, turned around stage superior fluid chromatography utilizing fluorescence recognition (excitation: 330 nm and outflow: 365 nm).The created strategy exhibited straightforwardness , exactness, precision and affectability with cutoff of location as 0.5 nM for 2-hydroxytacrine and 4-hydroxytacrine, 2 nM for 1-hydroxytacrine and tacrine in plasma. Mean recuperation extended from 84 to 105% for tacrine and its metabolites in plasma. Aparico I et al (1998) built up a spectrofluorimetric strategy to appraise tacrine in human serum and pharmaceuticals. The fluorimetric technique permitted the assurance of Tacrine in the scope of 1â€70 ng/ml in watery arrangements of acidic acidâ€sodium acetic acid derivation cradle (pH 5.6) with (excitation frequency of 242 nm and outflow frequency of 362 nm. Chollet DF et al (2000) built up an elite fluid chromatography (HPLC) examine technique for restorative observing of Tacrine. The technique depended on straightforward protein precipitation by acetonitrile or cold methanol followed by isocratic partition on a CN segment eluted in switched stage mode. Created strategy was seen as exact, vigorous, precise and reasonable which was shown by examining in excess of 1,000 plasma tests from patients with Alzheimer infection . Ortuã ±o JA et al (2007) built up a stream infusion beat amperometric strategy for estimation of Tacrine based on particle move through a plasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) film utilizing a four-cathode potentiostat with ohmic drop remuneration. Lnear connection between top tallness and centralization of tacrine was found up to 4ãâ€"10-5M .Limit of identification was seen as 1ãâ€"10-7M. The technique was seen as direct, reproducible, explicit and repeatable. Qian S et al (2012) built up a test for concurrent assurance of Tacrine and its metabolites in rodent plasma and mind tissue. The analytes alongside inward standard were extricated from plasma of rodent or tissue homogenate of cerebrum by fluid extraction with the assistance of ethyl acetic acid derivation. The detachment was done on Thermo Hypersil BDS C18 segment utilizing versatile period of acetonitrile and ammonium formate-triethylamine (pH 4.0) with fluorescence recognition. Rate recuperation changed from 82.1% to 93.2% in h rodent plasmas and cerebrum tissue. The created strategy was seen as straightforward, touchy and reproducible method for the estimation of Tacrine and its metabolites in rodents after oral organization.

The Role of Polis in Greek Civilization Essay - 825 Words

The Role of Polis in Greek Civilization (Essay Sample) Content: NameTutorCourseDateThe Role of Polis in Greek civilizationIntroductionThe polis is a name given to the Greek city states which emerged and developed during the classical era of Greek civilization. Burckhardt describes the poleis as city communities, city states with body of laws (5). Preston argues that the polis was much more than a governmental system as it was a culture built around expansion of human intellect- through architecture, drama and mathematics (1). The polis is the definitive form of the Greek state, a small independent state comprising of central city and surrounding territory (Burckhardt 6).The polis played a vital role in Greek civilization because the Greek culture first assumed its classical form in the polis (Jaeger Highet 77). This paper explores the role of the polis in Greek civilization. The polis is probably the center stage of Greek civilization. To understand the role of the polis in Greek civilization, it is important to know how it emerg ed.Emergence of the PolisThe Greek polis tresses its roots back to the Paleolithic Epoch when man began to expand his capability to live in groups (Preston 1). The initial city states were in form of bands which were made up of approximately one hundred people and finally became city states. The agrarian and the bronze ages accelerated the development of the polis. During the ages, there was stable supply of food and specialization emerged. As a result, mans life became more complex and some form of government came up. Greek culture caused settlements to be isolated in a way that set the stage for the polis to evolve (Preston 1). The poleis grew rapidly because they became economic and agrarian centers. The Role of the Polis in Greek civilizationGreek culture assumed its classical form in the polis spiritual leadership of the Greece culture was taken over by the culture of the city states (Jaeger and Highet 77). Greek history in the classical epoch focuses mostly on the polis. Jaege r Highet observes that the classical era is the most important period of Greeks development making it the center of historical interest (77). Jaeger Highet further notes that the polis includes and defines every form of social and intellectual activity (77). This makes the polis the most important aspect of Greek civilization.The polis marked a change of the Greek culture from the initial culture which was practiced in the rural villages to a modern culture. The inhabitants of the polis were considered to be free people. Burckhardt observes that the polis was viewed as a community of free men, metics, and the masses of slaves did not enjoy political rights (12). The polis was also important in the Greek culture because it served as an educative force. The way of life of the polis affected the behavior of the citizenry making them to completely change their culture. Burckhardt further observes that the participation in state...

14 College Graduation Gifts to Give Yourself

Graduating from college is no easy feat—and no one knows the effort you put in and the obstacles you overcame better than you do. Since your college graduation will likely be one of the biggest milestones of your life, its worth it to reward yourself for all youve accomplished. But just what kinds of things work well as a college graduation gift to yourself?  Here are the best graduation gifts to give yourself. 1. A Nice Diploma Frame Youve probably seen these in your campus bookstore or a local shop in town. In essence, diploma frames are a nice frame in which you can hang (and preserve) your actual diploma. Some have a small logo from your college; others have a large picture of campus as well. Regardless, a nice diploma frame can be a great way to formally acknowledge your graduation. Additionally, it can serve as appropriate and professional wall decor for your first office. 2. An Elegant Business Card Holder Sure, exchanging contact information happens electronically most of the time. And yet there can still be situations—like cocktail parties, airline flights, or other unexpected situations—when a simple conversation turns into a networking opportunity. Having your business cards available in a nice, classy case (in contrast, to, say, your old wallet) can be a smart way to present yourself. And it can be a nice gift to yourself that lasts for years to come. 3. Life For a Day Pictures You may be eager to leave your college life and your campus, but there are still things you will miss about your college years. Consider spending a day—or even just an hour or two during the day—taking pictures of the details of your life. What does your room look like? Your residence hall, apartment building, or house? What do you have hanging on the walls? What kinds of clothes are in your closet? What kinds of technology are you using? Where are the places you spent the most time— studying, hanging out, making memories—on campus? Off campus? In essence, create a photo journal of what your college life looks like. You never know how much you might treasure those simple snaps 10, 20, or even 50 years from now. 4. Write a Letter to Yourself Similar to an autobiographical photojournalism project, writing a letter to yourself can be an amazing gift for Future You. What are your dreams? What kind of life do you picture for yourself? What have you loved most about your time in college? What do you regret? What do you wish you had done differently? Theres no right answer or a specific thing you should write about. Just listen to your heart and say something that you want your future self to hear. 5. College Clothing It sounds so simple—after all, how many free t-shirts did you accumulate during your time in school?!—but getting yourself some new clothes with your colleges name on it can be a great gift. Even if its just a simple t-shirt and running shorts, youll reconnect with this time in your life when youre out for a run or hitting the gym 1, 2, or even 5 years from now. Additionally, something comforting, like a zip-up hoodie, can be your go-to item when youre doing something you love, like spending a quiet night in after a busy week at work. A little gift now can be a great way to remind and reward yourself about all you accomplished during your college years. 6. Travel Gear Have the travel bug? Want a job that requires a lot of travel? Consider giving yourself something that can be part of your post-college-life journeys. A nice suitcase, a great handbag, or even a duffel bag with your college logo or name on it can fit the bill. Additionally, advertising your alma mater during your travels can be a surprising way to start a conversation with others who have a connection to your institution, too. 7. A Connection With Your Favorite Professor No matter your major, you likely had one professor with whom you really connected or who made a difference in your life—even if you never told them so. Before you leave campus, connect with him or her in some way. Buy one of their books youve never read and have them sign it for you. Ask them to meet for coffee or even during office hours so you can ask their advice and let them know how much you appreciated their presence during your time in school. Your connection doesnt have to be fancy to be meaningful; it just has to be genuine. 8. A Trip Somewhere Special Do you need some time to process the big changes in your life? Have you always wanted to, for example, take  a college road trip? Do you want to have one last adventure with your college friends before you graduate? Consider giving yourself a trip as a graduation present. Even though its not a tangible item you can put in a gift box, a trip can provide you with a lifetime of memories—and some much-needed rest and relaxation. 9. Something for Your Post-College Professional Life Do you need a great briefcase? A messenger bag? A new laptop for graduate school? A stethoscope? Scrubs? Consider giving yourself something important and meaningful that also connects to your professional goals. Even if you cant afford something that will last for decades, you can always use something for a season or two and then keep it as a memento. This was my very first professional [item name]! has a nice ring to it, even 20 years from now. 10. Something for Your Post-College Personal Life Do you want to acknowledge your graduation with something that symbolizes adulthood for you? Do you want a nice set of dishes, a great (double!) bed, or a killer business suit? Do you want new clothes from a nice shop or even some fancy cookware? Consider buying yourself something that feels adult and permanent. You can use it to remind yourself of your transition to adulthood and all the effort you made to set yourself up for success after college. 11. A Donation to an Organization That Helps Students Go to College No matter your situation, you didnt make it through college entirely on your own. Whether it was family, friends, administrators, professors, or community leaders, people undoubtedly helped you along the way. Consider giving back by making a donation to a community organization or your college (in the form of scholarship funds) so that others have support during their time in school, too. 12. Plant Something It doesnt have to be big and fancy to symbolize the start of a new chapter in your life. Whether its a small houseplant, a small herb garden, or even a hardy bush or tree in your parents backyard or a community garden, planting something that you can nurture and grow can be highly symbolic and rewarding. 13. Take Yourself Clothes Shopping Give yourself a cold, hard reality check by really looking at whats in your closet. You likely—and justifiably—have clothes appropriate for a college student. Which was fun until now...when you transition from being a student to being a graduate. Treat yourself to some clothing basics, both personally and professionally, so that you can enter this new phase of your life as prepared as possible. 14. A Spa Treatment Remember: spa treatments arent just for fancy folks (or even just girls!). Reward yourself to something as simple as a pedicure or as fancy as a full-day treatment. After all, you probably put your body through unbelievable amounts of stress and mistreatment during the past few years. Reward your physical and mental self with some relaxation and pampering. You might be surprised at how this simple luxury can rejuvenate your body, mind, and soul and prepare you to begin your post-college life refreshed and recharged.

Trsut, Love, Purity - 1892 Words

Love, trust, purity and dating. In this report I’ll be talking about things that is worth saying and how our human life’s changes by doing or trying these things. There the 3 love and about love, trust, purity and dating. Love Love is a force of nature. However much we may want to, we cannot command, demand, or disappear love, any more than we can command the moon and the stars and the wind and the rain to come and go according to our whims. We may have some limited ability to change the weather, but we do so at the risk of upsetting an ecological balance we don t fully understand. Similarly, we can stage a seduction or mount a courtship, but the result is more likely to be infatuation, or two illusions dancing together, than†¦show more content†¦There is a risk involved, they may let us down. Often we place trust in a child according to what we know of their character, gradually giving them a bit more responsibility as we think they are mature enough and trustworthy enough to handle it. We see trust as something that must be earned or negotiated. We may trust other adults according to how much we know of their character, attitudes and behaviour. Another way to see trust is as something that is inspired in someone when they are trusted. You place the trust, let go, and believe they will rise to the faith put in them. Yet another way is to trust, fully aware of the weakness of human nature and ready to forgive when someone lets us down. From this we see that people can have different ideas of what it means to trust. Some people believe that they give trust, and it s their choice to give it, while others think it has to be earned, so it is the one who is to be trusted who has the choice. Our ability to trust may be affected by our upbringing and past experiences too. It is very easy within a marriage to assume we view trust in the same way as our partner, but assumptions can be misleading and lead to disappointment and hurt when things go wrong. We all long for someone who has chosen us, who respects, honours and cares for us, someone with whom we can be real, who accepts us for who we are and will stand by

Project Management Body of Knowledge

Question: Discuss about the Project Management Body of Knowledge. Answer: Introduction: The article had covered the aspects of uncertainty in project risk factors and threats. It is evident from the article that the development of the CRM in the company had been a total failure due to the lack of the proper and systematic risk management theories and practice (Snyder, 2014). The interviews with the companys stakeholders was not enough to abide for the decrease of the probability of the risk factors in the organization. The article made by the student 1 had pointed out that the tools of project management such as project scope baseline and the project charter had not been made concisely showing the necessary points required for the project management concepts and principles. The delay in completion was caused due to improper planning and scheduling of the project operations. In the second paragraph the student had explained that the use of any specific models for the operations of the organization would provide sufficient help in developing the smart operations for the p roject. The development of smart and effective management concepts would be helpful for the modification and the implementation of the CRM system in the organization. The student had suggested the use of agile model of software development for the company. The Agile is a modified and more effective and smart implementation of the CRM software process in the organization (Chaves et al., 2016). However, the article review needed to explain more on the use of Agile for the risk management planning in the project of implementing the CRM system in the organization. The article had been made for evaluating the concepts of the risk management the advent of the factors of threat in a project operation. The case study of Miller park had been selected for evaluating the concepts of the risk management and effects of the risk in the organization. The role played by the development of the operations had bene crucial in the organization (Varajao et al., 2017). The failure in this project had been caused due to the sudden changes in the operations and influence of the specific control oeprations. The development of the opertaions had resulted in the need and requirement of a specific risk management tools within the organization. The poor management of the risk factors had resulted in taking toll of 3 lives of the workers due to the collapse of the mobile crane. There was a damage of almost hundreds of millions in the organization. The development of the smart review by the student had been seen in which the transfer of operations was done when the main contractor had ben replaced with a subcontractor. The new subcontractor was unfamiliar with such situation and it had resulted in the crane accident. The student had mentioned the use of project management concepts of risk management for fatser and better risk management in project operations (Karaman Kurt, 2015). The student had mentioned that the use of principles and gudielines would allow the users for forming effective planning and completion of the project with the help of PMBOK. References Chaves, M. S., Arajo, C. D., Rosa, V. D., Glria, I. J. (2016). A new approach to managing Lessons Learned in PMBoK process groups: the Ballistic 2.0 Model.International Journal of Information Systems and Project Management,4(1), 27-45. Karaman, E., Kurt, M. (2015). Comparison of project management methodologies: prince 2 versus PMBOK for it projects.International Journal of Applied Science and Engineering Research,4(4), 572-579. Snyder, C. S. (2014). A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge: PMBOK () Guide. Project Management Institute. Varajo, J., Colomo-Palacios, R., Silva, H. (2017). ISO 21500: 2012 and PMBoK 5 processes in information systems project management.Computer Standards Interfaces,50, 216-222.

Ukuthwala Custom free essay sample

It is suggested that instead of a prohibitionist stance towards customs that seem to violate human rights norms, a benign accommodation of aspects that promote the positive aspects of culture be adopted. This approach leads to a conclusion that South African law should recognise those forms of ukuthwala where the requirement of consent of the ‘bride’ is met. The implications of the prohibition on social and cultural practices detrimental to child well-being in the Children’s Act are framed in this context. . Introduction The practice of ukuthwala in South Africa has recently received negative publicity, with numerous complaints being recorded. In the first and second quarter of 2009, the media reported that ‘more than 20 Eastern Cape girls are forced to drop out of school every month to follow the traditional custom of ukuthwala (forced marriage)’. [1] Girls as young as 12 years are forced to marry older men, in some cases with the consent of their pa rents or guardians. We will write a custom essay sample on Ukuthwala Custom or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Commenting on the matter, Congress of Traditional Leaders of South Africa (Contralesa) chairman, Chief Mwelo Nokonyana, said ukuthwala was ‘an old custom that was now being wrongly practiced in several parts of the eastern Transkei. ’[2] Dr Nokuzola Mdende of the Camagwini Institute also stated ‘that abducting a girl of 12 or 13 is not the cultural practice we know. This is not ukuthwala, this is child abuse. At 12, the child is not ready to be a wife. [3] At the SA Law Reform Commission ‘Roundtable Discussion on the practice of Ukuthwala’,[4] which was held as part of its preliminary investigation to determine whether the proposal should be included in the Commission’s law reform programme and in an effort to gather information on the subject, it was observed that ukuthwala, like many other customary institutions, has changed radically. The practice has now taken on other dimensions, including young girls forcibly being married to older men, relatives of the girl kidnapping and taking the girls themselves as wives, and abductions not being reported to the Traditional Authorities. 5] These changed practices around ukuthwala potentially increase the vulnerability of children’s’ rights violations. The main aim of this article is to evaluate the implications of the Children’s Act 38 of 2005 for ukuthwala. Insofar as the recent media comments are pertinent to some of the conclusions reached in this article, a preliminary discussion of ukuthwala in its differing dimensions is important. For that reason in the second part of this article we trace the history of ukuthwala, and the traditional reasons for, and the different forms of, ukuthwala. We further discuss the procedure of ukuthwala and the legal position of the practice under customary law. In the third part, we will contextualize the debate of ukuthwala within the constitutional and international rights to culture and equality paradigms. In the fourth part, we proceed by looking at the framework for the consideration of culture and custom in the Children’s Act before discussing the implications of the Children’s Act for ukuthwala. The last part contains some conclusions. 2. Ukuthwala 2. 1 What is ukuthwala? In South Africa, the custom originated from the Xhosas. [6] However, although the custom is predominantly practiced among Xhosa speaking tribes,[7] the practice has expanded into different ethnic groups. For example, the Mpondo clan has adopted ukuthwala from Xhosa clans such as the Mfengus. [8] Young Sotho men, through contact with other tribes, have also adopted the practice which was otherwise foreign amongst them. [9] Ukuthwala in South Africa enjoys popular support in the areas where it is still practiced. 10] According to a newspaper report, one Chief (a woman) in the region where ukuthwala is practiced said that the young girls who escape from the houses where they are detained whilst awaiting marriage were ‘embarrassing our village’. [11] The word ukuthwala means ‘to carry’. [12] It is a culturally legitimated abduction of a woman whereby, preliminary to a customary marriage,[13] a young man will forcibly take a girl to his home. [14] Some authors ha ve described ukuthwala as the act of ‘stealing the bride’. [15] Ukuthwala has also been described as a mock abduction or irregular proposal[16] aimed at achieving a customary marriage. 17] From these definitions, we see that ukuthwala is in itself not a customary marriage or an engagement. The main aim of ukuthwala is to force the girl’s family to enter into negotiations for the conclusion of a customary marriage. [18] (Underlining supplied). The procedure for ukuthwala is as follows: The intending bridegroom, with the help of the one or two friends, will waylay the intended bride in the neighbourhood of her own home, quite often late in the day. [19] They will then ‘forcibly’ take her to the young man’s home. Sometimes the girl is caught unawares, but in many instances she is caught according to prior plan and agreement. In either case, the girl will put up a show of resistance to suggest to onlookers that it is against her will, when in fact, it is seldom so. As Bekker explains: ‘The girl, to appear unwilling and to preserve her maidenly dignity, will usually put up strenuous but pretended resistance, for, more often than not, she is a willing party’. [20] Once the girl has been taken to the man’s village, her guardian or his messenger will then follow up on the same day or the next day and possibly take her back if one or more cattle are not handed to him as an earnest promise for a future marriage. 21] Consequently, if the guardian does not follow her up to take her back, tacit consent to the marriage at customary law can be assumed. After the girl has been carried to the man’s family hearth, negotiations for lobolo between the families of the bride and the groom would then follow. If the families cannot reach an agreement, the girl will return to her parental home, whil e the man’s family will be liable for damages. [22] As noted, the main aim of ukuthwala is to force the girl’s family to enter into negotiations for the conclusion of a customary marriage. It follows, therefore, that if a man abducts a girl but fails to offer marriage, or if he does offer marriage but is deemed by the girl’s guardian to be unacceptable as a suitor, a fine of one beast is payable to the girl’s guardian,[23] who, with his daughter, is said to have been insulted by the thwala without a consequent offer of a marriage, or having been thwala’d by undesirable suitor. [24] It is important to note that during the process of ukuthwala, it is contrary to custom to seduce a girl. 25] By custom, the suitor, after forcibly taking the girl to his home village, is required to report the thwala to his family head. The family head thereupon gives the girl into the care of the women of his family home, and sends a report to the girl’s guardian. A man who seduces a thwala’d girl is required to pay a seduction beast in addition to the number of lobolo cattle agreed upon and in addition to the thwala beast where no marriage has been propos ed. 26] Other safeguards that were put in place for the protection of the thwala and the girl involved were that the parents of the girl were immediately notified after the thwala had occurred; if the thwala had not worked, a beast was supposed to be paid; and finally if a girl fell pregnant consequent upon her seduction, then further additional penalties were also supposed to be paid. [27] Numerous reasons exist for the practice of ukuthwala, some of which are arguably cogent and weighty. They include: to force the father of the girl to give his consent;[28] to avoid the expense of the wedding; to hasten matters if the woman is pregnant; to persuade the woman of the seriousness of the suitor’s intent; and to avoid the need to pay an immediate lobolo where the suitor and his or her family were unable to afford the bridewealth. From these reasons, it is apparent that ukuthwala can serve important cultural purposes in those South African communities which live their lives according to cultural norms. However, these reasons are also uggestive of the fact that the girl or the unmarried woman involved is, in some cases, thwala’d without her consent. This provides the link to forced marriage, which then calls into play constitutional and human rights standards. In addition, insofar as the girl who is thwala’d may be aged below 18, issues related to child marriage and early marriage arise which in turn calls for a consideration of some provisions of the C hildren’s Act 38 of 2005. 2. 2 Forms of Ukuthwala It is generally accepted that the traditional custom of ukuthwala is often carried out with the knowledge and consent of the girl or her guardian.

Maintenance and Reversal of Anaesthesia Essay Example

Maintenance and Reversal of Anaesthesia Essay Example Maintenance and Reversal of Anaesthesia Essay Maintenance and Reversal of Anaesthesia Essay Maintenance and reversal of General Anaesthesia Effects of IV drugs used for induction of anaesthesia wears off after a few minutes and unconsciousness must still be maintained. This is achieved either through inhalational anaesthesia or IV infusion of a drug. i) Inhalational Anaesthesia Patient must receive a sufficient concentration of oxygen to prevent hypoxia, sufficient concentration of anaesthetic drug to ensure consciousness and sufficient flow of fresh gases to prevent hypercarbia. The anaesthetic drug used is maintained at an appropriate end-tidal concentration depending upon the patient, the surgical stimulus and concurrent use of analgesic drugs. In spontaneously breathing patients, inadequate anaesthesia for the intensity of the surgical stimulus results in an increased respiratory rate, reflex activity, increase in heart rate and blood pressure. This results in an increment of the anaesthetic drug concentration. In patients who are given neuromuscular blocking drugs and is ventilated, anaesthetists must anticipate the need for changes in the depth of anaesthesia as there might be a possibility that the depth of anaesthesia is inadequate and the patient is aware but unable to communicate this. ii) TIVA using propofol In this technique, appropriate brain concentration of propofol must be achieved and maintained to prevent awareness and respond to the surgery. This is done by giving the usual IV induction dose, followed by maintenance using a microprocessor controlled infusion pump. This is more reliable as it calculates the rate of infusion required to achieve a constant plasma concentration. Propofol can be used alone but it is always combined with IV opioids to prevent cardiovascular side-effects. Advantages of TIVA is the toxic effect of inhalational anaesthetics are avoided and better quality of recovery is claimed. Disadvantage is it may cause profound hypotension. Reversal of General Anaesthesia The two main priorities of reversal is the recovery of consciousness and maintenance of a patent airway. After surgery, the vapourizer will be turned off to eliminate the inhaled anaesthetic. If a circle system is used, then to speed up elimination of the anaesthetic, flow of oxygen is increased up to 10-15 L/min. There are two options in removing the ventilator is: a) Removing the tube while unconscious but there will be a high risk of gastric aspiration and may result in airway obstruction. ) Leaving the tube in place and wait for the patient to become fully conscious and remove it and quickly give oxygen supply to prevent hypoxic state. If necessary, before removing the tube, neostigmine can be given along with glycopyrrolate. This is to antagonize the effect of neuromuscular block given and block the unwanted muscarinic effects of neostigmine. The aim is to restore spontaneous ventilation before removal of the tracheal tube.

Americans Are from Mars and Europeans Are from Venus Essay

Americans Are from Mars and Europeans Are from Venus - Essay Example In fact, the factors that create the sort of distinctions talked about are varied and different. However, geopolitical differences stand out as one of the most exceptional factors to consider when comparing various continents. This is because various continents have held themselves up with different and highly distinctive geopolitics over the years. It can be seen for instance that when describing a Black American and a typical African, there may be very little biological distinctions to make but the geopolitics of the various continents these two people live on would make a lot of difference in distinguishing one from the other. In this essay, therefore, the difference that exists between Europeans and Americans from a geopolitics point of view is critically analyzed. Background to Geopolitics From a broader perspective, geopolitics is a relational terminology that correlates politics with territory. This is to say that it deals with how group of people in a particular or given plac e go about their politicking based on factors that has to do with their geographic location. In this regard, the Norwegian Institute for Defence Studies (2012) notes that â€Å"the term geopolitics reflects the connection between power and interests, strategic decision-making, and geographic space.† Geopolitics, therefore, has to do with systems that consolidate â€Å"interplay of natural resources, strategic dominance and geographic space on one hand, and the various state and non-state actors pursuing individual as well as collective interests on the other† (Norwegian Institute for Defence Studies, 2012). In making their geopolitics stand out, therefore, it is expected that a particular continent or identity of people would take strategic decisions that encompass a reflection of their beliefs and interests in relation to where they find themselves geographically. There is no denying the fact that when mention is made of powerful countries; a lot of attention is given to the political influence of that country in relation to other nations in question. It is for this reason that countries and in some cases a collection of nations (continents) take decisions that give them consolidated and robust political standing in the midst of other nations. Taking such decisions, however, ought to be based on geographic variables that includes geographic location, topography, size, population, climate, technological developments, as well as availability of resources – both natural and artificial (Evans and Newnham, 1998). Major geopolitical differences The major geopolitical differences that exist among different people of the world, particularly between Americans and Europeans, have taken a lot of intellectual and contextual twist over the years. The differences in geopolitics have become common agenda for debate at various platforms of academic practice, as well as global institutional seminars, conferences and meetings. The reason for this turn of e vent is very simple and has been explained by the SPIA Research (2011) that since political theory is constantly in flux and geographical theory is also in flux, there will always be intellectual and contextual challenges that Geopolitics must address. As far as the

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Innovation, Creativity and Enterprise in Markets - Essay Example The innovations that have been taking place in the company since its embarking upon a long-term journey have been illuminated during the due course of the report. The main reasons because of which Unilever opted to buy Ben & Jerry’s have also been discussed. Apart from that, the entrepreneurial aspect of this company has been explained and how entrepreneurship has played a practical role in the success of their business has been elucidated. All these elements have combined together to translate into profitable growth of their company along with its brand and have led it to its present state. The purpose of this report is to conduct a research on an organization and discuss in detail, how its presence does creates opportunities and prospects for its stakeholders in light of the theory of the same. Apart from that, the method by which the company innovates its processes and products in order to meet the ever changing needs of the consumers is also conversed. Furthermore, this report also concerns how the selected organization incorporates entrepreneurial principles in order to exploit the available opportunities in the market and undertake some level of risk-taking in order to derive the most benefits from the untapped market segments (Drucker, 1986). For this research, Ben & Jerry’s has been selected as it has been coming up with innovations in its flavors ever since it has come into being in 1978. The Ben & Jerry’s is an ice-cream, frozen yogurt and sorbet manufacturing company which was set up in 1978 as an ice-cream parlor on a renovated gas station in Vermont USA, by two entrepreneurs namely Ben Cohen and Jerry Greenfield with an investment of $12,000. The ice cream parlor soon gained popularity around the neighborhood and the pair began to pack their product and started to supply it to Mom and Pop stores and convenience stores in their Volkswagen Campervan. They eventually grew

Response to Intervention-RTI Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Response to Intervention-RTI - Research Paper Example In 2004, Learning Disabilities (LD) Roundtable partnership was formed by various learning national organizations such as the National Research Center on Learning Disabilities and allied organizations and they defined the critical features of RTI process (Klotz, 2007). The roundtable asserted that instructional and behavioral support offered in general education must always be based on high-quality research. RTI process also calls for universal behavior and academic screening of all students to allow for identification of the students that require enhanced interventions and closer monitoring. An effective RTI process should also be implemented in a tiered approach informed by scientific research to meet the needs of each individual student. The other feature of RTI is that it relies on the collaboration of the staff at the school to develop, implement and monitor the intervention process (Suckla et al., 2008). The Learning Disabilities Roundtable also explained that monitoring of the progress of a student under intervention must be carried out continuously and objectively to assess whether the student is able to meet the defined goals (Suckla et al., 2008). RTI process must also allow for carrying out follow-ups to ensure that the intervention is implemented properly and in accordance to the required consistency. Furthermore, RTI process must allow for the documentation of the parent involvement and adherence to special education assessment criteria as outlined in the IDEIA 2004 and other state regulations. (Suckla et al., 2008). Universal screening which is recommended in RTI and should be undertaken by school staff as an academic year begins to identify students who are not likely to meet the state grade level or the ones having emotional and behavioral problems which can negatively learning (Klotz, 2007). Universal screening is accomplished by either reviewing the current state test results or by giving academic and behavioral screening tests to students with a given grade. The students who score marks below a certain level are categorized as requiring specialized behavioral and academic interventions. According to Fletcher, Lyon, Fuchs and Barnes (2007), scientific and research-based instruction refer to particular curriculum and education intervention which have been identified as being effective, that is, it has been reported in

Media Campaigns in the SUV Debate :: Essays Papers

Media Campaigns in the SUV Debate The American consuming public has a long history of imposing patriotic consumption decisions upon the marketplace. They may be small things, like choosing to consume â€Å"freedom† fries over french fries or looking for the â€Å"Made in USA† label on products, or they may be forceful actions, like revolutionary era boycotts of British tea or holding foreign food and drug products to American standards. Recent anti-SUV campaigns have grown out of this legacy of consumption protest. The Detroit Project is at the forefront of promoting anti-SUV sentiment to a mass audience. The Detroit Project is an effort of the AFEC (Americans for Fuel Efficient Cars), which is self-described: â€Å"AFEC is a nonprofit group dedicated to decreasing America’s reliance on foreign oil.† The mission of the Detroit Project is: â€Å"to mount a citizens’ ad campaign aimed at getting people to stop driving SUVs and other gas-guzzling vehicles – and jolting our leaders into taking action.† To meet these goals the Detroit Project has produced and aired two tv spots that suggest that operating an SUV provides funds to terrorist groups. The ads are patterned after ads put out by the Bush administration that imply that funding illegal drug-dealing provides money that ends up in the hands of terrorists. The script of the first Detroit Project ad reads: "I helped hijack an airplane. I helped blow up a nightclub. So what if it gets 11 miles to the gallon. I gave money to a terrorist training camp in a foreign country. It makes me feel safe. I helped our enemies develop weapons of mass destruction. What if I need to go off-road? Everyone has one. I helped teach kids around the world to hate America. I like to sit up high. I sent our soldiers off to war. Everyone has one. My life, my SUV. I don't even know how many miles it gets to the gallon." WHAT IS YOUR SUV DOING TO OUR NATIONAL SECURITY? DETROIT, AMERICA NEEDS HYBRID CARS NOW. The script of the second ad reads: "This is George. This is the gas that George bought for his SUV. This is the oil company executive that sold the gas that George bought for his SUV. These are the countries where the executive bought the oil, that made the gas that George bought for his SUV. Media Campaigns in the SUV Debate :: Essays Papers Media Campaigns in the SUV Debate The American consuming public has a long history of imposing patriotic consumption decisions upon the marketplace. They may be small things, like choosing to consume â€Å"freedom† fries over french fries or looking for the â€Å"Made in USA† label on products, or they may be forceful actions, like revolutionary era boycotts of British tea or holding foreign food and drug products to American standards. Recent anti-SUV campaigns have grown out of this legacy of consumption protest. The Detroit Project is at the forefront of promoting anti-SUV sentiment to a mass audience. The Detroit Project is an effort of the AFEC (Americans for Fuel Efficient Cars), which is self-described: â€Å"AFEC is a nonprofit group dedicated to decreasing America’s reliance on foreign oil.† The mission of the Detroit Project is: â€Å"to mount a citizens’ ad campaign aimed at getting people to stop driving SUVs and other gas-guzzling vehicles – and jolting our leaders into taking action.† To meet these goals the Detroit Project has produced and aired two tv spots that suggest that operating an SUV provides funds to terrorist groups. The ads are patterned after ads put out by the Bush administration that imply that funding illegal drug-dealing provides money that ends up in the hands of terrorists. The script of the first Detroit Project ad reads: "I helped hijack an airplane. I helped blow up a nightclub. So what if it gets 11 miles to the gallon. I gave money to a terrorist training camp in a foreign country. It makes me feel safe. I helped our enemies develop weapons of mass destruction. What if I need to go off-road? Everyone has one. I helped teach kids around the world to hate America. I like to sit up high. I sent our soldiers off to war. Everyone has one. My life, my SUV. I don't even know how many miles it gets to the gallon." WHAT IS YOUR SUV DOING TO OUR NATIONAL SECURITY? DETROIT, AMERICA NEEDS HYBRID CARS NOW. The script of the second ad reads: "This is George. This is the gas that George bought for his SUV. This is the oil company executive that sold the gas that George bought for his SUV. These are the countries where the executive bought the oil, that made the gas that George bought for his SUV.

Ethan Frome Questions

1. The symbolism of the light of Mattie’s candle and the darkness of the Fromes’ room is that the light represents hope and love that Ethan desires which Zeena does not have. The darkness of Zeena is what is in the way of Ethan’s love for Mattie. 2. Ethan feels a dread in Zeena’s silence on this particular morning because Ethan’s mind becomes preoccupied with Mattie. He regrets not kissing her the night before and his thinks about the relationship between Zeena and Mattie which has been weird lately. 3. Zeena’s sudden decision to see a new doctor on this particular morning is unusual.Ethan dreads her decision because of the cost of the medications she will get. He welcomes her decision because this is the first time Zeena will be away for the night and him and Mattie will be alone together. 4. Ethan’s excuse for not driving Zeena to the flats is that he needs to go collect the cash from Andrew Hale upon his delivery of a load of wood t hat afternoon. Chapter 4 1. Ethan’s fantasy about the kitchen was that him and Mattie would sit together, one on each side of the stove; he would be smoking his pipe and she would be laughing and talking in the funny way she did. 2.Zeena’s arrival affects Ethan because it made him feel less lonely. Fearing the return of his loneliness when his mother died, Ethan asked Zeena to marry him. 3. Ethan’s motives for remaining on the farm were that he wanted to sell the farm and saw-mill and try moving to a larger town because he had always wanted to be an engineer. He thought that with a smart wife like Zeena it would be easy for him to make a place for himself. 4. The situations on the farm life and home life affected Ethan because he was never able to sell his farm and his wife had become so sick that all his hopes were crushed and he could never live his dream. . Ruth and Ned contrast Ethan and Mattie because Ruth and Ned are engaged and can show their love for eac h other in public and they can share their happiness. On the other hand, Ethan and Mattie have â€Å"such a thirst for each other in their hearts† (Wharton 69). They cannot show their feelings to anyone. 6. As Ethan heads towards the farm, the atmosphere reflects his feelings because it is a thick fleecy sky threatening snow for the next day and Ethan is feeling down as well. 7.Ethan’s actions and Mattie’s appearance at the door contrast the events of the previous evening. In the previous evening, Zeena had stood with the lamp looking bony and unattractive. This time, Mattie had a lifted lamp in her hand and had a crimson ribbon in her hair. 8. Zeena’s cat is intrusive and very symbolic. The cat jumps up onto the table, breaking a pickle dish. Its actions symbolize Zeena’s invisible presence. It’s like a force that comes between Mattie and Ethan and reminds them of Zeena’s existence. 9.Mattie’s concern about the broken pickle d ish is caused by her remembering that Zeena told her to never use that dish because it was Zeena’s favorite wedding present. 10. Ethan feels a â€Å"thrilling sense of mastery† because he helped solve the problem for Mattie and made her feel better about causing the accident to happen. Chapter 5 1. Zeena’s cat and the rocking chair are further reminders of Zeena. When Mattie sits down on Zeena’s cat, Ethan sees the specter of Zeena’s face to have appeared in place of Mattie’s features.He begins to feel uneasy and Mattie leaves and goes back to where she was sitting before. Then the cat takes its spot on Zeena’s chair. 2. The reference to the elm foreshadows a later action. Ethan says that â€Å"there’s an ugly corner down by the big elm† (Wharton 80). He is scared because if you don’t keep your eyes open you would crash right into it while sledding. 3. Mattie says â€Å"Nobody can tell with Zeena†, she is r eferring to what Zeena thinks of her and how she wants Mattie to get married. Chapter 6 1. Ethan’s morning joy is contradicted by the frustrations of the day.He sends Jotham to pick up Zeena at the train station but one of the horses slips on the ice and cuts its knee, and the sleety rain makes loading the logs difficult. Ethan heads to the Eady store to look for glue to fix Zeena’s broken dish, but he can’t find any there. He then goes to widow Honan’s store and finds one last bottle of glue. 2. Ethan wonders â€Å"what happened in the drive to nerve Jotham to such stoicism†. He thinks that maybe Zeena wasn’t able to see the new doctor or didn’t like something about what the doctor did and she usually blames her grievances on the first person she meets.

Moral Leadership A Moral Leader - 906 Words

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